Online protection of minors under the DSA in the context of recommender systems
1. The definition of recommender systems under Article 3 of the DSA The term “recommender…
Browsing: Symposium: Building Youth Digital Futures
Fair Design, Dark Patterns and Child Protection: Towards a Child-Centred Regulation by Design in the European Digital Rulebooks
For years, the European debate on children’s online protection has largely revolved around one central…
AI-Generated Child Sexual Abuse Material and EU Law: Criminal Law, Digital Regulation, and the Perils of Techno-Solutionism
Introduction Since the early internet, the production and dissemination of child sexual abuse material (CSAM)…
From affordances to addiction: The Commission’s enforcement of the DSA at the intersection of science and policy
In February of 2026, the European Commission preliminarily found TikTok in breach of the Digital…
Deepfake cyberbullying, social media platform policies, and regulatory responses
1. AI-facilitated abuse and cyberbullying Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) technologies have fundamentally altered the production…
Socio-Technical Appraisal of the Legal Protections and Safeguards for Children in the Digital Environment
In the last years, several legislative initiatives are addressing children’s rights protection and promotion in…
(Un)fairness by design: what an Age Appropriate Design Code audit reveals about GenAI in EdTech
1. Children’s data in GenAI EdTech Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools are increasingly embedded in…
Parental Responsibility in the Digital Age: A Comparative Analysis between UK, Italy and Australia
1. Introduction Digitisation has not only multiplied the risks minors face online (from harmful content…
Do children have the right (not) to use social media? Shining a new light on social media restrictions
Across EU Member States, initiatives are being proposed to restrict children’s access to social media…
Platform responsibility under the DSA and the OSA: two regulatory models
Introduction Comparisons between the Digital Services Act (“DSA”) and the Online Safety Act 2023 (“OSA”)…
Queer Children’s Digital Rights and Commission v Hungary
The internet, especially social media, plays a crucial role in children’s lives, while, at the…
When the brain is the target: Considerations on the impact of AI-driven chatbots and social networks on fundamental rights
The scenario In October 2025, OpenAI’s CEO announced that ChatGPT would be rolling out an…
Talking Toys: AI Companions, Children’s Safety and Data, and the Limits of the New EU Toy Safety Regulation
What is the new EU Toy Safety Regulation? Toys and games are vital tools for…
Are Tech-Free Schools in the Best Interest of the Child?
In today’s formal schooling environments in the UK and Europe, children typically need to use…
Playing by the Rules: Governing AI Toys in the European Union and the United States
A Toy Story: The Rise of AI-Powered Toys and Fundamental Rights Concerns The recently released…
Parents’ Duty to Govern Children’s Digital Lives
Under Italian law, parents are constitutionally required to educate, guide and supervise their children. Even…
Below the Giants: How EU Platforms Handle Age Assurance across Three Stages of the User Journey
Article 28(1) of the Digital Services Act (DSA) requires every provider of an online platform…
Symposium – Building Youth Digital Futures: Child Protection, Fair Design, and User Self-Determination under European Digital Rulebooks
Online platforms, connected devices, recommender systems, immersive environments, and AI-enabled services now fundamentally shape how…