Is it possible to go beyond the precautionary principle in climate change policy-making? AI as a tool for efficient decisions

Environmental policy-making presents complex challenges, especially when it comes to climate change. The application of the precautionary principle is necessary in this context, as limited scientific evidence forces legislators to make decisions under conditions of uncertainty. However, the application of this principle has been criticised for potentially leading to irrational and economically inefficient outcomes. AI is the game changer. Machine learning algorithms, fed by vast amounts of data, offer a new paradigm for decision making. We can imagine AI models that meticulously assess the environmental impact of each new policy, allowing for an appropriate balance between benefits and negative externalities. However, it is important to bear in mind that AI (and in particular its regulation) is not without limitations and potential economic inefficiencies.